HOW TO |TOP| Crack MD5 HASH STING PASSWORDS
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Hashing is often confused with encryption. A simple difference is that hashed data is not reversible. Encrypted data can be reversed using a key. This is why applications like Telegram use encryption while passwords are hashed.
This approach is also what gives rise to hashing attacks. A simple way to attack hashes is to have a list of common passwords hashed together. This list is called a Rainbow table. Interesting name for a table of hashes.
Now we can start using hashcat with the rockyou wordlist to crack the MD5 hashes. The rockyou wordlist comes pre-installed with Kali. If you are not using Kali you can use another wordlist, or download it from here.
In this assignment we build code to reverse an MD5 hash using a brute force technique where we simply 'forward hash' all possible combinations of characters in strings. This would be similar to a situation where an e-commerce site stored hashed passwords in its database and we somehow have gotten our hands on the database contents and we want to take the hashed password and determine the actual plaintext passwords.
The simplest brute force approach generally is done by writing a series of nested loops that go through all possible combinations of characters. This is one of the reasons that password policies specify that you include uppper case, lower case, numbers, and punctuation in passwords is to makebrute force cracking more difficult. Significantly increasing the length of the password to something like 20-30 characters is a very good to make brute force cracking more difficult.
You should also print out the first 15 attempts to reverse-hash including boththe MD5 value and PIN that you were testing. You should also print outthe elapsed time for your computation as shown in the sample application.
Here are some possible improvements:For fun, crack all of the pins at the top of this document and figureout why each person chose their PIN. You can crack some but not all more complex hashed values using a site like:CrackStation.net. For fun, usethis site to crack all the above hash values.Make your application test a more complex character set like, upper case letters, lower case letters, numbers, and common punctuation.Change the code so when it finds a match, it breaks out of all four of the nested loops. So if the PIN turned out to be 1234 it would only runthat many times. Hint: Make a logical variable that you set to truewhen you get a match and then as soon as that becomes true, break out ofthe outer loops.Make your program handle longer strings - say six characters. At some point when you increase the number of characters and alphabet, itwill take longer to reverse crack the string.Change the debug output to print an attempt every 0.1 second instead of only the first 15 attempts.Super Advanced: Make your program handle variable length strings - perhaps looking for a string from 3-7 characters long. At some point just making more nested loops produces too much code and you should switch to a more complex but compact approach that uses a few arrays and a while loop. But this can be tricky to construct and prone to infinite loops if you are not careful.This is probably best not attempted unless you have some background inAlgorithms and Data Structures.As your program increases its character length, or tests longer passwords, it will start to slow down. Make sure to run these on your laptop (i.e. not on a server). Many hosted PHP systems prohibit these kinds of CPU-intensive tasks on their systems.
Think about this: An MD5 is always 128 bits long. That means that there are 2128 possible MD5 hashes. That is a reasonably large number, and yet it is most definitely finite. And yet, there are an infinite number of possible inputs to a given hash function (and most of them contain more than 128 bits, or a measly 16 bytes). So there are actually an infinite number of possibilities for data that would hash to the same value. The thing that makes hashes interesting is that it is incredibly difficult to find two pieces of data that hash to the same value, and the chances of it happening by accident are almost 0.
That said, MD5 has been found to have some weaknesses, such that with some complex mathematics, it may be possible to find a collision without trying out 2128 possible input strings. And the fact that most passwords are short, and people often use common values (like "password" or "secret") means that in some cases, you can make a reasonably good guess at someone's password by Googling for the hash or using a Rainbow table. That is one reason why you should always "salt" hashed passwords, so that two identical values, when hashed, will not hash to the same value.
The fact that MD5 is a hash also means it loses information. For any given MD5 hash, if you allow passwords of arbitrary length there could be multiple passwords which produce the same hash. For a good hash it would be computationally infeasible to find them beyond a pretty trivial maximum length, but it means there's no guarantee that if you find a password which has the target hash, it's definitely the original password. It's astronomically unlikely that you'd see two ASCII-only, reasonable-length passwords that have the same MD5 hash, but it's not impossible.
You don't want to 'reverse' an MD5 hash. Using the methods outlined below, you'll never need to. 'Reversing' MD5 is actually considered malicious - a few websites offer the ability to 'crack' and bruteforce MD5 hashes - but all they are are massive databases containing dictionary words, previously submitted passwords and other words. There is a very small chance that it will have the MD5 hash you need reversed. And if you've salted the MD5 hash - this won't work either! :)
However, if you restrict the search space to, for example, common passwords with length under N, you might no longer have the irreversibility property (because the number of MD5 outputs is much greater than the number of strings in the domain of interest). Then you can use a rainbow table or similar to reverse hashes.
It is generally also possible to guess passwords using brute force or (augmented) dictionary attacks, to compare databases or to try and find password hashes in so called rainbow tables. If a match is found then it is computationally certain that the input has been found. Hash functions are also secure against collision attacks: finding X' so that H(X') = H(X) given H(X). So if an X is found it is computationally certain that it was indeed the input message. Otherwise you would have performed a collision attack after all. Rainbow tables can be used to speed up the attacks and there are specialized internet resources out there that will help you find a password given a specific hash.
It is of course possible to re-use the hash value H(X) to verify passwords that were generated on other systems. The only thing that the receiving system has to do is to store the result of a deterministic function F that takes H(X) as input. When X is given to the system then H(X) and therefore F can be recalculated and the results can be compared. In other words, it is not required to decrypt the hash value to just verify that a password is correct, and you can still store the hash as a different value.
Instead of MD5 it is important to use a password hash or PBKDF (password based key derivation function) instead. Such a function specifies how to use a salt together with a hash. That way identical hashes won't be generated for identical passwords (from other users or within other databases). Password hashes for that reason also do not allow rainbow tables to be used as long as the salt is large enough and properly randomized.
Trying all possible combinations takes a lot of time and this is also the reason why hash values are used to store passwords in a relatively safe way. If an attacker is able to access your database with all the user passwords inside, you loose in any case. If you have hash values and (idealistically speaking) strong passwords, it will be a lot harder to get the passwords out of the hash values for the attacker.
The only thing that can be work is (if we mention that the passwords are just hashed, without adding any kind of salt to prevent the replay attacks, if it is so you must know the salt)by the way, get an dictionary attack tool, the files of many words, numbers etc. then create two rows, one row is word,number (in dictionary) the other one is hash of the word, and compare the hashes if matches you get it...
CrackStation uses massive pre-computed lookup tables to crack password hashes.These tables store a mapping between the hash of a password, and the correctpassword for that hash. The hash values are indexed so that it is possible toquickly search the database for a given hash. If the hash is present in thedatabase, the password can be recovered in a fraction of a second. This onlyworks for "unsalted" hashes. For information on password hashing systems thatare not vulnerable to pre-computed lookup tables, see our hashing security page.
Hashcat is a popular password cracker and designed to break even the most complex passwords representation. To do this, it enables the cracking of a specific password in multiple ways, combined with versatility and speed.
Hashcat turns readable data into a garbled state (this is a random string of fixed-length size). Hashes do not allow someone to decrypt data with a specific key, as standard encryption protocols allow. Hashcat uses precomputed dictionaries, rainbow tables and even brute-force approaches to find an effective and efficient way to crack passwords.
The simplest way to crack a hash is to try first to guess the password. Each attempt is hashed and then is compared to the actual hashed value to see if they are the same, but the process can take a long time.
dc647eb65e6711e155375218212b3964:Passwordeb61eead90e3b899c6bcbe27ac581660:HELLO75b71aa6842e450f12aca00fdf54c51d:P455w0rd2c9341ca4cf3d87b9e4eb905d6a3ec45:Test1234958152288f2d2303ae045cffc43a02cd:MYSECRETThese passwords are weak, and it does not take much effort or time to crack them. It is important to note that the simpler the password is, the easier it will be to detect. 2b1af7f3a8